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1. (Article ID: 3817)
 
Arbatsky NP, Kondakova AN, Shashkov AS, Drutskaya MS, Belousov PV, Nedospasov SA, Petrova MA, Knirel YA
Structure of the O-antigen of Acinetobacter lwoffii EK30A; identification of D-homoserine, a novel non-sugar component of bacterial polysaccharides
Organic and Biomolecular Chemistry 8(15) (2010) 3571-3577
 

We established a peculiar structure of the O-specific polysaccharide (O-antigen) of a psychrotrophic strain of Acinetobacter lwoffii, EK30A, isolated from a 1.6-1.8 million-year-old Siberian permafrost subsoil sediment sample. The polysaccharide was released by mild acid degradation of the lipopolysaccharide and studied using chemical analyses, Smith degradation, (1)H and (13)C NMR spectroscopy and mass spectrometry. It was found to contain d-homoserine, which is N-linked to 4-amino-4,6-dideoxy-d-glucose (Qui4N) and is N-acylated itself with acetyl in about half of the repeating units or (S)-3-hydroxybutanoyl group in the other half. The following is the structure of the tetrasaccharide repeating unit of the polysaccharide: →3)-β-D-Quip4NAcyl-(1→6)-α-D-Galp-(1→4)-α-D-GalpNAc-(1→3)-α-D-FucpNAc-(1→ where Acyl stands for either N-acetyl- or N-[(S)-3-hydroxybutanoyl]-d-homoseryl.

structure, O-antigen, identification, Acinetobacter lwoffii, D-homoserine

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2. (Article ID: 5411)
 
Casillo A, Parrilli E, Tutino ML, Corsaro MM
The outer membrane glycolipids of bacteria from cold environments: isolation, characterization, and biological activity
FEMS Microbiology Ecology 95(7) (2019) fiz094
 

Lipopolysaccharides (LPSs) are the main components of the external leaflet of the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria. Microorganisms that colonize permanently or transiently cold habitats have evolved an array of structural adaptations, some of which involve components of bacterial membranes. These adaptations assure the perfect functionality of the membrane even at freezing or sub-freezing growth temperatures. This review summarizes the state-of-the-art information concerning the structural features of the LPSs produced by cold-adapted bacteria. The LPS structure has recently been elucidated from species mainly belonging to Gammaproteobacteria and Flavobacteriaceae. Although the reported structural heterogeneity may arise from the phylogenetic diversity of the analyzed source strains, some generalized trends can be deduced. For instance, it is clear that only a small portion of LPSs displays the O-chain. In addition, the biological activity of the lipid A portion from several cold-adapted strains is reported.

structure, lipid A, outer membrane, Cold adaptation, isolation and characterization, Rough-LPS, smooth-LPS

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