State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Nankai University, Tianjin, China, Key Laboratory of Tropical Medicinal Resource Chemistry of Ministry of Education, Hainan Normal University, Haikou, China
Macrofungi, a class of unique natural resources, are gaining popularity owing to their potential therapeutic benefits and edibility. From Fomitopsis officinalis, a medicinal macrofungus with anticancer activity, a homogeneous heteropolysaccharide (FOBP50-1) with a molecular weight of 22100 g/mol has been extracted and purified. FOBP50-1 was found to be composed of 3-O-methylfucose, fucose, mannose, glucose, and galactose with a ratio of 1: 6.5: 4.4: 8.1: 18.2. The sugar fragments and structure of FOBP50-1 were investigated, which included→6)-α-d-Galp-(1→,→2,6)-α-d-Galp-(1→,→3)-α-l-Fucp-(1→, α-d-Glcp-(1→,→3)-β-d-Manp-(1→,→6)-β-d-Manp-(1→, 3-O-Me-α-l-Fucp-(1→, according to the UV, FT-IR, GC-MS, and NMR data. Besides the structure elucidation, FOBP50-1 showed promising antitumor activity in the zebrafish assays. The following mechanism examination discovered that FOBP50-1 interacted with TLR-4, PD-1, and VEGF to activate immunity and inhibit angiogenesis according to a series of cell, transgenic zebrafish, and surface plasmon resonance (SPR) experiments. The KD values indicating the association of FOBP50-1 with TLR-4, PD-1, and VEGF, were 46.9, 7.98, 3.04 μM, respectively, in the SPR experiments. All investigations have demonstrated that the homogenous fungal polysaccharide FOBP50-1 has the potential to be turned into a tumor immunotherapy agent
Fig. 4, Table 3
13C NMR, 1H NMR, NMR-2D, GC-MS, acid hydrolysis, biological assays, extraction, acetylation, methylation analysis, reduction, dialysis, precipitation, centrifugation, FT-IR, fractionation, Congo red test
compound was discovered to have potent anticancer efficacy in vivo. The potential anticancer mechanism was revealed to be connected to research foci in cancer biology, such as immune activation and angiogenesis inhibition, which discovered this compound to associate with PD-1/VEGF/TLR-4 to produce antitumor action
13C NMR data:
Linkage Residue C1 C2 C3 C4 C5 C6
6,6,6 aDGalp 102.4 67.6 68.1 71.7 70.8 66.1
6,6,2,3 aDGlcp 98.1 68.7 69.5 66.7 71.3 60.1
6,6,2 aLFucp
6,6 aDGalp 101.3 77.5 69.2 67.1 72.1 66.4
6,6,6,6,6,6,6 aDGalp 102.4 67.6 68.1 71.7 70.8 66.1
6,6,6,6,6,6,2,6,3 aDGlcp 98.1 68.7 69.5 66.7 71.3 60.1
6,6,6,6,6,6,2,6 aLFucp
6,6,6,6,6,6,2 bDManp
6,6,6,6,6,6 aDGalp 101.3 77.5 69.2 67.1 72.1 66.4
6,6,6,6,6 aDGalp 102.4 67.6 68.1 71.7 70.8 66.1
6,6,6,6,2,6,3 aDGlcp 98.1 68.7 69.5 66.7 71.3 60.1
6,6,6,6,2,6 aLFucp
6,6,6,6,2 bDManp
6,6,6,6 aDGalp 101.3 77.5 69.2 67.1 72.1 66.4
6 aDGalp 102.4 67.6 68.1 71.7 70.8 66.1
2,3 Me 56.1
2 aLFucp 101.4 68.3 78.6 69.6 67.9 15.6
aDGalp 101.3 77.5 69.2 67.1 72.1 66.4
1H NMR data:
Linkage Residue H1 H2 H3 H4 H5 H6
6,6,6 aDGalp 5.08 3.95 3.86 3.80 3.57 3.79-3.85
6,6,2,3 aDGlcp 4.96 3.81 3.99 3.87 3.96 3.75-3.86
6,6,2 aLFucp
6,6 aDGalp 5.09 3.81 3.56 4.12 3.71 3.72-3.86
6,6,6,6,6,6,6 aDGalp 5.08 3.95 3.86 3.80 3.57 3.79-3.85
6,6,6,6,6,6,2,6,3 aDGlcp 4.96 3.81 3.99 3.87 3.96 3.75-3.86
6,6,6,6,6,6,2,6 aLFucp
6,6,6,6,6,6,2 bDManp
6,6,6,6,6,6 aDGalp 5.09 3.81 3.56 4.12 3.71 3.72-3.86
6,6,6,6,6 aDGalp 5.08 3.95 3.86 3.80 3.57 3.79-3.85
6,6,6,6,2,6,3 aDGlcp 4.96 3.81 3.99 3.87 3.96 3.75-3.86
6,6,6,6,2,6 aLFucp
6,6,6,6,2 bDManp
6,6,6,6 aDGalp 5.09 3.81 3.56 4.12 3.71 3.72-3.86
6 aDGalp 5.08 3.95 3.86 3.80 3.57 3.79-3.85
2,3 Me 3.43
2 aLFucp 5.04 3.82 3.56 3.65 4.10 1.20
aDGalp 5.09 3.81 3.56 4.12 3.71 3.72-3.86
1H/13C HSQC data:
Linkage Residue C1/H1 C2/H2 C3/H3 C4/H4 C5/H5 C6/H6
6,6,6 aDGalp 102.4/5.08 67.6/3.95 68.1/3.86 71.7/3.80 70.8/3.57 66.1/3.79-3.85
6,6,2,3 aDGlcp 98.1/4.96 68.7/3.81 69.5/3.99 66.7/3.87 71.3/3.96 60.1/3.75-3.86
6,6,2 aLFucp
6,6 aDGalp 101.3/5.09 77.5/3.81 69.2/3.56 67.1/4.12 72.1/3.71 66.4/3.72-3.86
6,6,6,6,6,6,6 aDGalp 102.4/5.08 67.6/3.95 68.1/3.86 71.7/3.80 70.8/3.57 66.1/3.79-3.85
6,6,6,6,6,6,2,6,3 aDGlcp 98.1/4.96 68.7/3.81 69.5/3.99 66.7/3.87 71.3/3.96 60.1/3.75-3.86
6,6,6,6,6,6,2,6 aLFucp
6,6,6,6,6,6,2 bDManp
6,6,6,6,6,6 aDGalp 101.3/5.09 77.5/3.81 69.2/3.56 67.1/4.12 72.1/3.71 66.4/3.72-3.86
6,6,6,6,6 aDGalp 102.4/5.08 67.6/3.95 68.1/3.86 71.7/3.80 70.8/3.57 66.1/3.79-3.85
6,6,6,6,2,6,3 aDGlcp 98.1/4.96 68.7/3.81 69.5/3.99 66.7/3.87 71.3/3.96 60.1/3.75-3.86
6,6,6,6,2,6 aLFucp
6,6,6,6,2 bDManp
6,6,6,6 aDGalp 101.3/5.09 77.5/3.81 69.2/3.56 67.1/4.12 72.1/3.71 66.4/3.72-3.86
6 aDGalp 102.4/5.08 67.6/3.95 68.1/3.86 71.7/3.80 70.8/3.57 66.1/3.79-3.85
2,3 Me 56.1/3.43
2 aLFucp 101.4/5.04 68.3/3.82 78.6/3.56 69.6/3.65 67.9/4.10 15.6/1.20
aDGalp 101.3/5.09 77.5/3.81 69.2/3.56 67.1/4.12 72.1/3.71 66.4/3.72-3.86