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1. (Article ID: 4567)
 
Lorenzo FD, Sturiale L, Palmigiano A, Fazio LL, Paciello I, Coutinho CP, Sá-Correia I, Bernardini M, Lanzetta R, Garozzo D, Silipo A, Molinaro A
Chemistry and Biology of the Potent Endotoxin from a Burkholderia dolosa Clinical Isolate from a Cystic Fibrosis Patient
Chembiochem: a European Journal of Chemical Biology 14(9) (2013) 1105-1115
 

This is the first report of the chemical and biological properties of the lipooligosaccharide (LOS) endotoxin isolated from Burkholderia dolosa IST4208, an isolate recovered from a cystic fibrosis (CF) patient in a Portuguese CF center. B. dolosa is a member of the Burkholderia cepacia complex, a group of closely related species that are highly problematic and opportunistic pathogens in CF. B. dolosa infection leads to accelerated loss of lung function and decreased survival. The structural determination of its endotoxin was achieved using a combination of chemistry and spectroscopy, and has revealed a novel endotoxin structure. The purified LOS was tested for its immunostimulatory activity on human HEK 293 cells expressing TLR-4, MD-2, and CD-14. In these assays, the LOS showed strong proinflammatory activity.

structure, Lipooligosaccharide, NMR spectroscopy, endotoxin, mass spectrometry, survival, CD14, Burkholderia dolosa

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2. (Article ID: 5143)
 
Cloutier M, Muru K, Ravicoularamin G, Gauthier C
Polysaccharides from Burkholderia species as targets for vaccine development, immunomodulation and chemical synthesis
Natural Product Reports 35(12) (2018) 1251-1293
 

Burkholderia species are a vast group of human pathogenic, phytopathogenic, and plant- or environment-associated bacteria. B. pseudomallei, B. mallei, and B. cepacia complex are the causative agents of melioidosis, glanders, and cystic fibrosis-related infections, respectively, which are fatal diseases in humans and animals. Due to their high resistance to antibiotics, high mortality rates, and increased infectivity via the respiratory tract, B. pseudomallei and B. mallei have been listed as potential bioterrorism agents by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Burkholderia species are able to produce a large network of surface-exposed polysaccharides, i.e., lipopolysaccharides, capsular polysaccharides, and exopolysaccharides, which are virulence factors, immunomodulators, major biofilm components, and protective antigens, and have crucial implications in the pathogenicity of Burkholderia-associated diseases. This review provides a comprehensive and up-to-date account regarding the structural elucidation and biological activities of surface polysaccharides produced by Burkholderia species. The chemical synthesis of oligosaccharides mimicking Burkholderia polysaccharides is described in detail. Emphasis is placed on the recent research efforts toward the development of glycoconjugate vaccines against melioidosis and glanders based on synthetic or native Burkholderia oligo/polysaccharides.

lipopolysaccharides, Burkholderia, capsular polysaccharides, Oligosaccharides, glycoconjugate vaccines, antigens, exopolysaccharides, surface polysaccharide, virulence factor, Biofilm, chemical synthesis, bioterrorism

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