Taxonomic group: bacteria / Actinobacteria
(Phylum: Actinobacteria)
Associated disease: infection due to Mycobacterium tuberculosis [ICD11:
XN1N2 
]
NCBI PubMed ID: 25703557Publication DOI: 10.1111/imr.12253Journal NLM ID: 7702118Publisher: Oxford: Blackwell
Correspondence: bmoody
partners.org
Institutions: Division of Rheumatology, Immunology and Allergy, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA, Department of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
For decades, proteins were thought to be the sole or at least the dominant source of antigens for T cells. Studies in the 1990s demonstrated that CD1 proteins and mycobacterial lipids form specific targets of human αβ T cells. The molecular basis by which T-cell receptors (TCRs) recognize CD1-lipid complexes is now well understood. Many types of mycobacterial lipids function as antigens in the CD1 system, and new studies done with CD1 tetramers identify T-cell populations in the blood of tuberculosis patients. In human populations, a fundamental difference between the CD1 and major histocompatibility complex systems is that all humans express nearly identical CD1 proteins. Correspondingly, human CD1 responsive T cells show evidence of conserved TCRs. In addition to natural killer T cells and mucosal-associated invariant T (MAIT cells), conserved TCRs define other subsets of human T cells, including germline-encoded mycolyl-reactive (GEM) T cells. The simple immunogenetics of the CD1 system and new investigative tools to measure T-cell responses in humans now creates a situation in which known lipid antigens can be developed as immunodiagnostic and immunotherapeutic reagents for tuberculosis disease
Mycobacterium tuberculosis, T cells, CD1, T-cell receptor, mycolyl lipids
Structure type: oligomer
Location inside paper: Fig. 3, diacylated sulfoglycolipid
Compound class: O-antigen, sulfoglycolipid
Contained glycoepitopes: IEDB_141181,IEDB_142488,IEDB_144998,IEDB_146664,IEDB_742521,IEDB_983931,SB_192
Related record ID(s): 49338, 49339, 49340
NCBI Taxonomy refs (TaxIDs): 1773
Show glycosyltransferases
There is only one chemically distinct structure:
Found 
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