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1. (Article ID: 6181)
 
Hussain H, Mamadalieva NZ, Ali I, Elizbit, Green IR, Wang D, Zou L, Simal-Gandara J, Cao H, Xiao J
Fungal glycosides: Structure and biological function
Trends in Food Science and Technology 110 (2021) 611-651
 

Background: Natural products acquire vast and intriguing structural diversity and have been recognized as a tremendously diverse source of new lead compounds. Numerous bioactive secondary metabolites are present in the form of glycosylated molecules in which the sugar parts are normally associated with the interaction along with molecular recognition of the cellular target. Scope and approach: The presence of sugar entities are crucial as well as in some cases necessary, for therapeutic effects. Establishing novel and potent glycosylated secondary metabolites has formed a main goal in the natural product field from fungi and bacteria. These compounds possess a diverse range of sugar units. Key findings and conclusions: Fungi is considered one of the important sources for approved drugs with a diverse range of mode of action. The sugar part in numerous pharmacologically active natural products enhances bioavailability, biological potential, reduce toxicity, and improve stability. The vast majority of glyocosides showed antimicrobial effects, cytotoxic, antiviral and antiinflammatory effects. Notably, numerous fungal glycosides presented in this review illustrate significant antimicrobial effects towards various microorganisms especially against plant pathogens. The antimicrobial effects of these fungal glycosides indicate that these metabolites could be employed as natural preservatives in food in order to abolish or control the growth of pathogenic and spoilage microorganisms.

glycoside, antimicrobial, fungi, food preservative, secondary metabolites

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2. (Article ID: 8261)
 
Wang H, Liu T, Xin Z
A new glucitol from an endophytic fungus Fusarium equiseti Salicorn 8
European Food Research and Technology 239(3) (2014) 365-376
 

An endophytic fungus Salicorn 8 was isolated from Salicornia bigelovii Torr. and identified as Fusarium equiseti based on internal transcribed spacer gene (ITS) sequence analysis. A new glucitol, diglucotol (1), together with five known compounds, cerebroside C (2), Nb-acetyltryptamine (3), 3β,5α,9α-trihydroxy-(22E,24R)-ergosta-7,22-dien-6-one (4), cerevisterol (5) and ergosterol peroxide (6), was isolated from the culture of Salicorn 8. The chemical structures of these compounds were elucidated by extensive spectroscopic analysis and on the basis of their chemical reactivities. This work describes for the first time the isolation of these compounds from F. equiseti. Compound 1 exhibited weak antiproliferative activities toward MCF-7, MDA-MB-231 and Caco-2 cancer cells with EC50 values of 97.56, 92.35 and 99.39 μM, respectively, whereas compound 5 showed high levels of inhibitory activities against MCF-7, MDA-MB-231 and Caco-2 cancer cells with EC50 values of 32.4, 41.5 and 37.56 μM, respectively. Compound 6 exhibited less potent inhibitory activities than 5 against MCF-7, MDA-MB-231 and Caco-2 cancer cells with EC50 values of 64.5, 52.4 and 77.56 μM, respectively. All of the other compounds were found to be inactive.

endophytic fungus, Salicornia bigelovii, Fusarium equiseti, structure identification

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