Taxonomic group: plant / Streptophyta
(Phylum: Streptophyta)
NCBI PubMed ID: 10448308Publication DOI: 10.1016/s0959-8049(98)00415-8Journal NLM ID: 9005373Publisher: Oxford: Elsevier Science
Correspondence: Lee SK <sklcrs
plaza.snu.ac.kr>
Institutions: College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, South Korea
In this paper, we present evidence that ginsenoside-Rs4 (G-Rs4; an acetylated analogue of ginsenoside-Rg5), a new ginseng saponin isolated from Panax ginseng C. A. Meyer, elevates protein levels of p53 and p21WAF1, which are associated with the induction of apoptosis in SK-HEP-1 cells. Flow cytometric analyses showed that G-Rs4 initially arrested the cell cycle at the G1/S boundary, but consequently induced apoptosis as evidenced by generating an apoptotic peak. The induction of apoptosis was confirmed by the results of DNA fragmentation assays and alterations in cell morphology after treatment of the cells with G-Rs4. Immunoblot assays showed that G-Rs4 significantly elevated protein levels of p53 and p21WAF1, concurrently with the downregulation of both cyclins E- and A-dependent kinase activities and induction of apoptosis. We suggest that G-Rs4 induces apoptosis, the effect of which is closely related to the downregulation of both cyclins E- and A-dependent kinase activity as a consequence of selectively elevating protein levels of p53 and p21WAF1 in SK-HEP-1 cells.
apoptosis, p53, ginsenoside-Rs4, p21WAF1, CDK2
Structure type: oligomer
Location inside paper: G-Rs4, ginsenoside-Rs4, fig. 1
Trivial name: ginsenoside Rs4
Compound class: saponin glycoside, glycoside
Contained glycoepitopes: IEDB_140628,IEDB_142488,IEDB_146664,IEDB_983931,SB_192
Methods: 13C NMR, 1H NMR, IR, FAB-MS, DNA techniques, radiolabeling, immunoblotting, statistical analysis, flow cytometry, antitumor activity assay, MTT, apoptosis assay, phase contrast microscopy, histone H1 kinase assays
Biological activity: G-Rs4 suppressed cell growth of SK-HEP-1 cells with IC50 value of 20 μM. G-Rs4 arrested cell cycle at the G1/S boundary (apoptotic peak generated after 24 h of treatment with 25 μM) and consequently induced apoptosis ar doses higher than 10 μM. G-Rs4 at dose of 10 μM downregulated activity of both cyclin E- and cyclin A-associated kinases. G-Rs4 elevated protein levels of both p53 and p21WAF1 at effective dose of 10 μM.
NCBI Taxonomy refs (TaxIDs): 4054Reference(s) to other database(s): GTC:G22842TQ
Show glycosyltransferases
There is only one chemically distinct structure:
Found 
report error