Taxonomic group: plant / Streptophyta
(Phylum: Streptophyta)
NCBI PubMed ID: 10653482Publication DOI: 10.1080/10715760000300121Journal NLM ID: 9423872Publisher: London: Informa Healthcare
Correspondence: packer
socrates.berkeley.edu
Institutions: Membrane Bioenergetics Group, Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, USA, Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, USA
Antioxidant therapy has been shown to be beneficial in neurological disorders including Alzheimer's disease and cerebral ischemia. Glutamate-induced cytotoxicity in HT-4 neuronal cells has been previously demonstrated to be due to oxidative stress caused by depletion of cellular glutathione (GSH). The present study demonstrates that a wide variety of antioxidants inhibit glutamate-induced cytotoxicity in HT-4 neuronal cells. Low concentrations of alpha-tocopherol and its analogs were highly effective in protecting neuronal cells against cytotoxicity. Purified flavonoids and herbal extracts of Gingko biloba (EGb 761) and French maritime pine bark (Pycnogenol) were also effective. We have previously shown that pro-glutathione agents can spare GSH and protect cells from glutamate insult in a C6 glial cell model. The protective effects of nonthiol-based antioxidants tested in the HT-4 line were not mediated via GSH level modulation. In contrast, protective effects of thiol-based pro-glutathione agents alpha-lipoic acid (LA) and N-acetyl cysteine (NAC) corresponded with a sparing effect on GSH levels in glutamate-treated HT-4 cells. Glutamate-induced cytotoxicity in HT-4 cells is a useful model system for testing compounds or mixtures for antioxidant activity.
cytotoxicity, quercetin, antioxidation activity, rutin, HT-4 neuronal cells
Structure type: oligomer
C
27H
30O
16
Trivial name: rutin, rutoside, rutin, quercetin rutinoside, rutoside, quercetin 3-O-rutinose, quercetin-3-O-rutinoside, quercetin 3-O-rutinoside
Compound class: saponin glycoside, glycoside, flavonoid glycoside, flavonol glycoside, flavone glycoside
Contained glycoepitopes: IEDB_136105,IEDB_142488,IEDB_144144,IEDB_146664,IEDB_225177,IEDB_885823,IEDB_983931,SB_192
NCBI Taxonomy refs (TaxIDs): 33090Reference(s) to other database(s): CCSD:
50720, CBank-STR:3399
Show glycosyltransferases
There is only one chemically distinct structure:
Found 
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