Taxonomic group: plant / Streptophyta
(Phylum: Streptophyta)
Publication DOI: 10.1016/S1572-5995(00)80012-5Publisher: New York: Elsevier
Editors: Atta-ur-Rahman
Institutions: Florida A & M University, College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tallahassee, USA, Parke-Davis, Division of Warner-Lambert Company, Morris Plain, USA
Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by a high blood glucose concentration (hyperglycemia) which is due to insulin deficiency and/or insulin resistance. Hyperglycemia occurs because the liver and skeletal muscle cannot store glycogen and the tissues are unable to take up and utilize glucose. Treatment of diabetes is afforded by the following: (i) diet and exercise, (ii) insulin replacement therapy and (iii) the use of oral hypoglycemic agents. In folklore, a variety of plant extracts have been used to treat diabetic patients for centuries. Folklore has given the field of medicine many useful drugs, such pharmacologic prototypes include Digitalis(digitoxin, digoxin), Atropa, Hyoscyamnsand Datura(atropine, scopolamine), Catharanthus(vincristine, vinblastine), Erythroxylon(cocaine), Claviceps(ergonovine, ergotamine), Papaver(morphine, codeine and papaverine), Pilocarpus(pilocarpine) Rauvolfia(reserpine, rescinnamine, deserpidine), and Cinchona(quinine, quinidine); and many others. Obviously evaluation of plants and their active constituents has proven a very useful way of obtaining several useful therapeutic agents. Hence, a logical review of plant constituents having hypoglycemic activity could provide useful clues for obtaining new hypoglycemic agents. Plant constituents reportedly possessing hypoglycemic activity can be classified as follows: 1. Alkaloids; 2. Flavonoids and related compounds; 3. Glycosides/Steroids/Terpenoids; 4. Polysaccharides/ Proteins; and 5. Miscellaneous compounds. Phytoconstituents based upon the above classification are discussed including selected names of plants which are listed alphabetically according to genus. Appropriate data on their pharmacological activity, mechanisms of action (where applicable), and other relevant properties are discussed.
diabetes mellitus, hypoglycemic activity, natural drugs
Structure type: monomer
C
21H
20O
11
Trivial name: quercitrin, baohuoside-II, quercetin 3-rhamnoside, quercetin 3-O-rhamnoside
Compound class: saponin glycoside, glycoside, flavonoid glycoside, flavonol glycoside
Contained glycoepitopes: IEDB_136105,IEDB_225177,IEDB_885823
Related record ID(s): 66189, 66191, 66192, 66193, 66194, 66195, 66196, 66197, 66198, 66199, 66200, 66201, 66202, 66203, 66204, 66205
NCBI Taxonomy refs (TaxIDs): 33090Reference(s) to other database(s): CCSD:
49971, CBank-STR:599
Show glycosyltransferases
There is only one chemically distinct structure:
Found 
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