Sparassis crispa and Phellinus linteus are edible/medicinal mushrooms that have remarkably high contents of β-(1→3)-D-glucan, which acts as a biological response modifier, but difficulty in cultivating the fruiting bodies and extraction of β-D-glucan have restricted detailed studies. Therefore, a novel process for nanoparticle extraction of Sparan, the β-D-glucan from Sparassis crispa, and Phellin, the β-D-glucan from Phellinus linteus, has been investigated using insoluble tungsten carbide as a model for nanoknife technology. This is the first report showing that the nanoknife method results in high yields of Sparan (70.2%) and Phellin (65.2%) with an average particle size of 150 and 390 nm, respectively. The extracted Sparan with β-(1→3) linkages showed a remarkably high water solubility of 90% even after 10 min of incubation at room temperature. Therefore, it is likely that this nanoknife method could be used to produce β-D-glucan for food, cosmetic, and pharmaceutical industries.
extraction, Sparassis crispa, nanometer-sized β-glucan, nanoknife, Phellinus linteus, Sparan, Phellin
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A new ergostane-type steroidal glycoside,named tylopiloside (1), was isolated from the fruiting bodies of Tylopilus virens together with its aglycone, cerevisterol (2). The structure of the new compound was elucidated as (22E,24R)-ergosta-7,22-dien-5α,6β-diol-3β-O-[3-(3-phenylpropanoyloxy)]-β-D-glucopyranoside on the basis of spectroscopic analysis. It is worth while to note that the steroidal glycoside possessing an aromatic ring substituted alkanoyl group at its glucose moiety was found for the first time in fungi
Tylopilus virens, steroidal glycoside, tylopiloside
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