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Azospirillum brasilense SR55, isolated from the rhizosphere of Triticum durum, was classified as serogroup II on the basis of serological tests. Such serogroup affiliation is uncharacteristic of wheat-associated Azospirillum species. The lipid A of A. brasilense SR55 lipopolysaccharide contained 3-hydroxytetradecanoic, 3-hydroxyhexadecanoic, hexadecanoic and octadecenoic fatty acids. The structure of the lipopolysaccharide's O polysaccharide was established, with the branched octasaccharide repeating unit being represented by l-rhamnose, l-3-O-Me-rhamnose, d-galactose and d-glucuronic acid. The SR55 lipopolysaccharide induced deformations of wheat root hairs. The lipopolysaccharide was not involved in bacterial cell aggregation, but its use to pretreat wheat roots was conducive to cell adsorption. This study shows that Azospirillum bacteria can utilise their own lipopolysaccharide as a carbon source, which may give them an advantage in competitive natural environments.

Lipopolysaccharide, O-antigen, O-Polysaccharide structure, serological characterization, Azospirillum

NCBI PubMed ID: 21999541
Publication DOI: 10.1134/S0006297911070108
Journal NLM ID: 0376536
Publisher: Nauka/Interperiodica
Correspondence: room308@ibppm.sgu.ru
Institutions: Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia, Laboratory of Biochemistry, Institute of Biochemistry and Physiology of Plants and Microorganisms, Russian Academy of Sciences, 13 Prospekt Entuziastov, Saratov 410049, Russia, Saratov State University, ul. Astrakhanskaya 83, 410012 Saratov, Russia
Methods: 13C NMR, 1H NMR, methylation, GLC-MS, NMR-2D, SDS-PAGE, sugar analysis, acid hydrolysis, GLC

Lipopolysaccharides from closely related Azospirillum brasilense strains, Sp246 and SpBr14, were obtained by phenol-water extraction. Mild acid hydrolysis of the lipopolysaccharides followed by GPC on Sephadex G-50 resulted in polysaccharide mixtures. On the basis of sugar and methylation analyses, Smith degradation and (1)H and (13)C NMR spectroscopy data, it was concluded that both bacteria possess the same two distinct polysaccharides having structures 1 and 2: [structure: see text]. Structure 1 has been reported earlier for a polysaccharide of A. brasilense 54 [Fedonenko et al., 2011] whereas to our knowledge structure 2 has not been hitherto found in bacterial polysaccharides.

Lipopolysaccharide, Azospirillum brasilense, bacterial polysaccharide structure

NCBI PubMed ID: 25240180
Publication DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2014.05.008
Journal NLM ID: 0043535
Publisher: Elsevier
Correspondence: Sigida EN
Institutions: N.D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia, Institute of Biochemistry and Physiology of Plants and Microorganisms, Russian Academy of Sciences, Prospekt Entuziastov 13, 410049 Saratov, Russia, Chernyshevsky Saratov State University, Russia
Methods: 13C NMR, 1H NMR, methylation, GLC-MS, NMR-2D, GLC, mild acid hydrolysis, Smith degradation, composition analysis, GPC

The review presents a discussion of the published data of 2002 to 2014 dealing with structural studies of O-specific polysaccharides, representatives of the Azospirillum diazotrophic rhizobacteria, summarizing the results of a series of authors? studies. Some general structures incorporated in O-specific polysaccharides responsible for classification of bacterial cultures into serogroups on the basis of immunochemical studies were characterized. The structures of O-specific polysaccharides of seven azospirillum strains identical to those of previously studied strains are presented in this review for the first time.

lipopolysaccharides, O-specific polysaccharides, Structures, Azospirillum, O-antigenic determinants

Publication DOI: 10.1007/s11172-015-0971-x
Journal NLM ID: 100912060
Publisher: New York: Consultants Bureau
Correspondence: si_elena@mail.ru
Institutions: Institute of Biochemistry and Physiology of Plants and Microorganisms Russian Academy of Sciences, 13 prosp. Entuziastov, 410049 Saratov, Russian Federation

Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) was extracted from dry bacterial cells of plant-growth-promoting bacterium Azospirillum brasilense SR8 (IBPPM 5). The O-specific polysaccharide (OPS) was obtained by mild acid hydrolysis of the lipopolysaccharide and studied by sugar analysis, 1H and 13C NMR spectroscopy, including 1H,1H COSY, TOCSY, ROESY, and 1H,13C HSQC and HMBC experiments, computational NMR-based structure analysis, and Smith degradation. The OPS was shown to contain two types of repeating units of the following structure: Both OPS structures are present in A. brasilense 54, from which structure 1 has been reported earlier (Fedonenko et al., 2011), whereas to our knowledge structure 2 has not been hitherto found in bacterial saccharides. Treatment of wheat seedling roots with LPS of A. brasilense SR8 increased the number of root hair deformations as compared to seedlings grown without LPS, but had no effect on adsorption of the bacteria to the root surface. A. brasilense SR8 was able to utilize LPS of several structurally related Azospirillum strains.

Lipopolysaccharide, structure, O-specific polysaccharide, Azospirillum brasilense, Chemotaxis, NMR simulation, Root hair deformation

NCBI PubMed ID: 30590146
Publication DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2018.12.229
Journal NLM ID: 7909578
Publisher: Butterworth-Heinemann
Correspondence: E.N. Sigida
Institutions: Institute of Biochemistry and Physiology of Plants and Microorganisms, Russian Academy of Sciences, 13 Prospect Entuziastov, Saratov 410049, Russia, N. D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 47 Leninsky Prospect, Moscow, Russia, N. G. Chernyshevsky Saratov State University, 83 Ulitsa Astrakhanskaya, Saratov 410012, Russia
Methods: 13C NMR, 1H NMR, methylation, GLC-MS, NMR-2D, de-O-acylation, SDS-PAGE, sugar analysis, acid hydrolysis, GLC, GC, Smith degradation, GPC, 13C NMR analysis by GRASS, experiments on plants