Show legend Show as text

Structure type: polymer chemical repeating unit
Trivial name: D-galactan II
Compound class: O-polysaccharide, O-antigen
Contained glycoepitopes: IEDB_136044,IEDB_137472,IEDB_141794,IEDB_156494,IEDB_190606,SB_165,SB_166,SB_187,SB_195,SB_7,SB_88

• Article ID: 287
  Kelly RF, Whitfield C "Clonally diverse rfb gene clusters are involved in expression of a family of related D-galactan O antigens in Klebsiella species" - Journal of Bacteriology 178(17) (1996) 5205-5214
  

  Klebsiella species express a family of structurally related lipopolysaccharide O antigens which share a common backbone known as D-galactan I. Serotype specificity results from modification of D-galactan I by addition of domains of altered structure or by substitution with O-acetyl and/or α-D-Galp side groups with various linkages and stoichiometries. In the prototype, Klebsiella serotype O1, the his-linked rfb gene cluster is required for synthesis of D-galactan I, but genes conferring serotype specificity are unlinked. The D-galactan I part of the O polysaccharide is O acetylated in Klebsiella serotype O8. By cloning the rfb region from Klebsiella serotype O8 and analyzing the O polysaccharide synthesized in Escherichia coli K-12 hosts, we show that, like rfbO1, the rfbO8 region directs formation of unmodified D-galactan I. The rfbAB genes encode an ATP-binding cassette transporter required for export of polymeric D-galactan I across the plasma membrane prior to completion of the lipopolysaccharide molecule by ligation of the O polysaccharide to lipid A-core. Complementation experiments show that the rfbAB gene products in serotypes O1 and O8 are functionally equivalent and interchangeable. Hybridization experiments and physical mapping of the rfb regions in related Klebsiella serotypes suggest the existence of shared rfb genes with a common organization. However, despite the functional equivalence of these rfb gene clusters, at least three distinct clonal groups were detected in different Klebsiella species and subspecies, on the basis of Southern hybridization experiments carried out under high-stringency conditions. The clonal groups cannot be predicted by features of the O-antigen structure. To examine the relationships in more detail, the complete nucleotide sequence of the serotype O8 rfb cluster was determined and compared with that of the serotype O1 prototype. The nucleotide sequences for the six rfb genes showed variations in moles percent G+C values and in the values for nucleotide sequence identity, which ranged from 66.9 to 79.7%. The predicted polypeptides ranged from 64.3% identity (78.4% total similarity) to 94.3% identity (98.0% similarity). The results presented here are not consistent with dissemination of the Klebsiella D-galactan I rfb genes through recent lateral transfer events.

  expression, O-antigen, antigens, gene cluster, Klebsiella, D-galactan, rfb gene cluster, species

  NCBI PubMed ID: 8752339
  Journal NLM ID: 2985120R
  Publisher: American Society for Microbiology
  Correspondence: cwhitfle@uoguelph.ca
  Institutions: Department of Microbiology, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada, NIG 2W1
  
   
  
  Klebsiella pneumoniae O1
  CSDB ID 7228 (all data & tools)

Show legend Show as text

Structure type: polymer chemical repeating unit
Compound class: EPS
Contained glycoepitopes: IEDB_136044,IEDB_137472,IEDB_141794,IEDB_156494,IEDB_190606,IEDB_221845,SB_165,SB_166,SB_187,SB_195,SB_7,SB_88

• Article ID: 299
  Lagatolla C, Skerlavaj S, Dolzani L, Tonin EA, Monti BC, Bosco M, Rizzo R, Giglio L, Cescutti P "Microbiological characterisation of Burkholderia cepacia isolates from cystic fibrosis patients: investigation of the exopolysaccharides produced" - FEMS Microbiology Letters 209(1) (2002) 95-102
  

  Eleven strains of Burkholderia cepacia were isolated directly from clinical specimens: 10 from sputum of cystic fibrosis patients, and one from a vaginal swab. They were biochemically identified using API20NE and confirmed by a PCR-based assay. The genomovar characterisation obtained by specific PCR amplification revealed seven strains belonging to genomovar I, three belonging to genomovar IIIA and one belonging to genomovar IV. All isolates were also typed by ribotyping and random amplification of polymorphic DNA analysis. Some of the characterised strains were examined for the ability to produce exopolysaccharides, with the aim of correlating the genomovar with the exopolysaccharide structure. The polysaccharides were analysed by means of methylation analysis and 1H NMR spectroscopy in order to determine structural similarities. It was shown that different strains are capable of producing chemically different polysaccharides.

  Burkholderia, Burkholderia cepacia, polysaccharides, Molecular Sequence Data, adolescence, bacterial typing techniques, pneumonia

  NCBI PubMed ID: 12007661
  Journal NLM ID: 7705721
  Publisher: Blackwell Publishing
  Correspondence: cescutti@bbcm.univ.trieste.it (P. Cescutti)
  Institutions: Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche, Universita di Trieste, via Fleming 22, I-34127 Trieste, Italy, Dipartimento di Biochimica, Biofisica e Chimica delle Macromolecole, Universita di Trieste, via L. Giorgieri 1, I-34127 Trieste, Italy, POLY-tech Scarl, Area di Ricerca, Padriciano 99, I-34012 Trieste, Italy, Centro di Fibrosi Cistica, IRCCS, Burlo Garofolo, via dell'Istria 65/1, I-34012 Trieste, Italy
  Methods: 1H NMR, methylation, PCR, DNA techniques, GLC
  
   
  
  Burkholderia cepacia BTS2
  CSDB ID 7506 (all data & tools)

Show legend Show as text

Structure type: fragment of a bigger structure
Compound class: O-antigen
Contained glycoepitopes: IEDB_115013,IEDB_130645,IEDB_136044,IEDB_136906,IEDB_137472,IEDB_141794,IEDB_149558,IEDB_151528,IEDB_156494,IEDB_190606,IEDB_2229966,IEDB_742246,IEDB_918313,IEDB_918314,SB_165,SB_166,SB_187,SB_195,SB_7,SB_87,SB_88

• Article ID: 380
  Skurnik M, Zhang L "Molecular genetics and biochemistry of Yersinia lipopolysaccharide" - APMIS: Acta Pathologica, Microbiologica, et Immunologica Scandinavica 104(12) (1996) 849-872
  

  Studies on the molecular genetics of bacterial LPS serve at least two main purposes: (i) to help develop an understanding of the biology, biochemistry and genetics of this bacterial surface macromolecule, and (ii) to provide a basis for both vaccine development and virulence experiments. Both of these goals have been the driving force in studies of Yersinia LPS carried out during the last decade. Here we will review the progress made in the molecular genetics and biochemistry of Yersinia LPS. A deep understanding has been achieved with respect to Y. enterocolitica serotype O:3, reaching as far as a detailed analysis of the gene clusters directing the biosynthesis of the outer core oligosaccharide and of the O-ag. The O-ag gene clusters of Y. enterocolitica serotype O:8 and Y. pseudotuberculosis serotypes O:2a and O:5a have also been cloned and partially characterized LPS biosynthesis of these Yersinia species includes examples of the two major variations recognized in the biosynthesis of this macromolecule: (i) homopolymeric or O-antigen polymerase-independent biosynthesis, and (ii) heteropolymeric or O-antigen polymerase-dependent biosynthesis.

  Lipopolysaccharide, genetic, gene, genetics, O-antigen, biochemistry, Yersinia, molecular genetics

  NCBI PubMed ID: 9048864
  Publication DOI: 10.1111/j.1699-0463.1996.tb04951.x
  Journal NLM ID: 8803400
  Publisher: Copenhagen: Munksgaard
  Institutions: Turku Centre for Biotechnology, University of Turku, Finland, department of Medical Microbiology, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
  
   
  
  Yersinia pseudotuberculosis O2a
  CSDB ID 31536 (all data & tools)

Show legend Show as text

Structure type: fragment of a bigger structure
Compound class: O-antigen
Contained glycoepitopes: IEDB_115013,IEDB_130645,IEDB_136044,IEDB_136906,IEDB_137472,IEDB_139421,IEDB_141794,IEDB_149558,IEDB_151528,IEDB_156494,IEDB_190606,IEDB_2229966,IEDB_742246,IEDB_918313,IEDB_918314,SB_165,SB_166,SB_187,SB_195,SB_7,SB_87,SB_88

• Article ID: 380
  Skurnik M, Zhang L "Molecular genetics and biochemistry of Yersinia lipopolysaccharide" - APMIS: Acta Pathologica, Microbiologica, et Immunologica Scandinavica 104(12) (1996) 849-872
  

  Studies on the molecular genetics of bacterial LPS serve at least two main purposes: (i) to help develop an understanding of the biology, biochemistry and genetics of this bacterial surface macromolecule, and (ii) to provide a basis for both vaccine development and virulence experiments. Both of these goals have been the driving force in studies of Yersinia LPS carried out during the last decade. Here we will review the progress made in the molecular genetics and biochemistry of Yersinia LPS. A deep understanding has been achieved with respect to Y. enterocolitica serotype O:3, reaching as far as a detailed analysis of the gene clusters directing the biosynthesis of the outer core oligosaccharide and of the O-ag. The O-ag gene clusters of Y. enterocolitica serotype O:8 and Y. pseudotuberculosis serotypes O:2a and O:5a have also been cloned and partially characterized LPS biosynthesis of these Yersinia species includes examples of the two major variations recognized in the biosynthesis of this macromolecule: (i) homopolymeric or O-antigen polymerase-independent biosynthesis, and (ii) heteropolymeric or O-antigen polymerase-dependent biosynthesis.

  Lipopolysaccharide, genetic, gene, genetics, O-antigen, biochemistry, Yersinia, molecular genetics

  NCBI PubMed ID: 9048864
  Publication DOI: 10.1111/j.1699-0463.1996.tb04951.x
  Journal NLM ID: 8803400
  Publisher: Copenhagen: Munksgaard
  Institutions: Turku Centre for Biotechnology, University of Turku, Finland, department of Medical Microbiology, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
  
   
  
  Yersinia pseudotuberculosis O4b
  CSDB ID 31537 (all data & tools)

Show legend Show as text

Structure type: oligomer
Contained glycoepitopes: IEDB_115136,IEDB_136044,IEDB_136906,IEDB_137472,IEDB_140630,IEDB_141794,IEDB_151528,IEDB_156494,IEDB_190606,IEDB_423153,SB_165,SB_166,SB_187,SB_195,SB_7,SB_88

• Article ID: 1053
  Nimtz M, Mort A, Domke T, Wray V, Zhang Y, Qiu F, Coplin D, Geider K "Structure of amylovoran, the capsular exopolysaccharide from the fire blight pathogen Erwinia amylovora" - Carbohydrate Research 287(1) (1996) 59-76
  

  The acidic exopolysaccharide (EPS) of Erwinia amylovora, amylovoran, was purified from culture supernatants of bacteria in minimal medium and cleaved chemically either by treatment with trifluoracetic acid or hydrofluoric acid, and enzymatically by digestion with depolymerase from E. amylovora phage phi-Ealh. Structural characterization of the resulting oligosaccharides was performed by a combination of mass spectrometric and NMR [one- and two-dimensional (1D and 2D)] spectroscopic techniques. A branched repeating unit with five monosaccharide residues and various substituents was determined: [sequence: see text] The terminal monosaccharide of the side branch, which bears a 4,6-bound pyruvate residue in the R-configuration, was found to be modified with 2-linked (26%), 3-linked (24%), 2-,3-linked (40%) O-acetyl groups, or these were absent (10%). An additional glucose residue is linked to approximately 10% of the core α-galactose of the repeating unit.

  Erwinia amylovora, structure, exopolysaccharide, fire blight

  NCBI PubMed ID: 8765060
  Publication DOI: 10.1016/0008-6215(96)00070-5
  Journal NLM ID: 0043535
  Publisher: Elsevier
  Institutions: GBF, Gesellschaft fur Biotechnologische Forschung mbH, Mascheroder Weg 1, D-38124 Braunschweig, Germany, Oklahoma State University, 246 Noble Research Center, Stillwater, OK 74074, USA, Max-Planck-Institut fur medizinische Forschung, Jahnstrasse 29, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany, Department of Plant Pathology, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
  Methods: partial acid hydrolysis, NMR, HF solvolysis, ESI-MS/MS, enzymatic depolymerization
  
   
  
  Erwinia amylovora Ea1/79
  CSDB ID 3854 (all data & tools)

Show legend Show as text

Structure type: polymer chemical repeating unit
Compound class: K-antigen
Contained glycoepitopes: IEDB_115136,IEDB_136044,IEDB_137472,IEDB_140630,IEDB_141794,IEDB_142488,IEDB_144998,IEDB_146664,IEDB_156494,IEDB_190606,IEDB_423153,IEDB_983931,SB_165,SB_166,SB_187,SB_192,SB_195,SB_7,SB_88

• Article ID: 2089
  Dutton GGS, Kuma-Mintah A "Structure of Escherichia coli capsular antigen K34" - Carbohydrate Research 169 (1987) 213-220
  
  Journal NLM ID: 0043535
  Publisher: Elsevier
  Methods: 1H NMR, GC-MS
  
   
  
  Escherichia coli K34
  CSDB ID 115170 (all data & tools)

Show legend Show as text

Structure type: oligomer
Contained glycoepitopes: IEDB_136044,IEDB_137472,IEDB_141794,IEDB_142487,IEDB_142488,IEDB_144998,IEDB_146664,IEDB_156494,IEDB_190606,IEDB_983931,SB_165,SB_166,SB_187,SB_192,SB_195,SB_6,SB_7,SB_88

• Article ID: 2167
  Dumortier V, Montreuil J, Bouquelet S "Primary structure of ten galactosides formed by transglycosylation during the lactose hydrolysis by Bifidobacterium bifidum" - Carbohydrate Research 201 (1990) 115-123
  

  Oligosaccharides formed by a transgalactosylation reaction during lactose hydrolysis with Bifidobacterium bifidum were separated into eight fractions by gel-permeation chromatography and their structures studies determined by trimethylsilylation analysis, methylation analysis, f.a.b.—m.s., g.l.c.—m.s. and enzymic hydrolysis as β-d-Galp-(1→3)-d-Glc, β-d-Galp-(1→6)-d-Glc, β-d-Galp-(1→6)-d-Glc, β-d-Galp-(1→3)-β-d-Galp-(1→4)-d-Glc, β-d-Galp-(1→6)[β-d-Galp-(1→4)]-d-Glc, β-d-Galp-(1→2)[β-d-Galp-(1→6)]-d-Glc, β-d-Galp-(1→3)-β-d-Galp-(1→3)-β-d-Galp-(1→4)-d-Glc, β-d-Galp-(1→3)-β-d-Galp-(1→3)-β-d-Galp-(1→3)-β-d-Galp-(1→4)-d-Glc, β-d-Galp-(1→3)-β-d-Galp-(1→3)-β-dGalp-(1→3)-β-d-Galp-(1→3)-β-d-Galp-(1→4)-d-Glc, and β-d-Galp-(1→3)-β-d-Galp-(1→3)-β-d-Galp-(1→3)-β-d-Galp-(1→3)-β-d-Galp-(1→3) β-d-Galp-(1→4)-d-Glc.

  NCBI PubMed ID: 2119886
  Publication DOI: 10.1016/0008-6215(90)84228-M
  Journal NLM ID: 0043535
  Publisher: Elsevier
  Institutions: Laboratoire de Chimie Biologique, Unité Mixte du C.N.R.S. No. 111, Université des Sciences et Techniques de Lille Flandres-Artois, F 59655 Villeneuve d'Ascq France
  Methods: GLC-MS, FAB-MS, enzymatic hydrolysis
  
   
  
  Bifidobacterium bifidum
  CSDB ID 115934 (all data & tools)

Show legend Show as text

Structure type: oligomer
Contained glycoepitopes: IEDB_136044,IEDB_137472,IEDB_141794,IEDB_142487,IEDB_142488,IEDB_144998,IEDB_146664,IEDB_156494,IEDB_190606,IEDB_983931,SB_165,SB_166,SB_187,SB_192,SB_195,SB_6,SB_7,SB_88

• Article ID: 2167
  Dumortier V, Montreuil J, Bouquelet S "Primary structure of ten galactosides formed by transglycosylation during the lactose hydrolysis by Bifidobacterium bifidum" - Carbohydrate Research 201 (1990) 115-123
  

  Oligosaccharides formed by a transgalactosylation reaction during lactose hydrolysis with Bifidobacterium bifidum were separated into eight fractions by gel-permeation chromatography and their structures studies determined by trimethylsilylation analysis, methylation analysis, f.a.b.—m.s., g.l.c.—m.s. and enzymic hydrolysis as β-d-Galp-(1→3)-d-Glc, β-d-Galp-(1→6)-d-Glc, β-d-Galp-(1→6)-d-Glc, β-d-Galp-(1→3)-β-d-Galp-(1→4)-d-Glc, β-d-Galp-(1→6)[β-d-Galp-(1→4)]-d-Glc, β-d-Galp-(1→2)[β-d-Galp-(1→6)]-d-Glc, β-d-Galp-(1→3)-β-d-Galp-(1→3)-β-d-Galp-(1→4)-d-Glc, β-d-Galp-(1→3)-β-d-Galp-(1→3)-β-d-Galp-(1→3)-β-d-Galp-(1→4)-d-Glc, β-d-Galp-(1→3)-β-d-Galp-(1→3)-β-dGalp-(1→3)-β-d-Galp-(1→3)-β-d-Galp-(1→4)-d-Glc, and β-d-Galp-(1→3)-β-d-Galp-(1→3)-β-d-Galp-(1→3)-β-d-Galp-(1→3)-β-d-Galp-(1→3) β-d-Galp-(1→4)-d-Glc.

  NCBI PubMed ID: 2119886
  Publication DOI: 10.1016/0008-6215(90)84228-M
  Journal NLM ID: 0043535
  Publisher: Elsevier
  Institutions: Laboratoire de Chimie Biologique, Unité Mixte du C.N.R.S. No. 111, Université des Sciences et Techniques de Lille Flandres-Artois, F 59655 Villeneuve d'Ascq France
  Methods: GLC-MS, FAB-MS, enzymatic hydrolysis
  
   
  
  Bifidobacterium bifidum
  CSDB ID 115935 (all data & tools)

Show legend Show as text

Structure type: oligomer
Contained glycoepitopes: IEDB_136044,IEDB_137472,IEDB_141794,IEDB_142487,IEDB_142488,IEDB_144998,IEDB_146664,IEDB_156494,IEDB_190606,IEDB_983931,SB_165,SB_166,SB_187,SB_192,SB_195,SB_6,SB_7,SB_88

• Article ID: 2167
  Dumortier V, Montreuil J, Bouquelet S "Primary structure of ten galactosides formed by transglycosylation during the lactose hydrolysis by Bifidobacterium bifidum" - Carbohydrate Research 201 (1990) 115-123
  

  Oligosaccharides formed by a transgalactosylation reaction during lactose hydrolysis with Bifidobacterium bifidum were separated into eight fractions by gel-permeation chromatography and their structures studies determined by trimethylsilylation analysis, methylation analysis, f.a.b.—m.s., g.l.c.—m.s. and enzymic hydrolysis as β-d-Galp-(1→3)-d-Glc, β-d-Galp-(1→6)-d-Glc, β-d-Galp-(1→6)-d-Glc, β-d-Galp-(1→3)-β-d-Galp-(1→4)-d-Glc, β-d-Galp-(1→6)[β-d-Galp-(1→4)]-d-Glc, β-d-Galp-(1→2)[β-d-Galp-(1→6)]-d-Glc, β-d-Galp-(1→3)-β-d-Galp-(1→3)-β-d-Galp-(1→4)-d-Glc, β-d-Galp-(1→3)-β-d-Galp-(1→3)-β-d-Galp-(1→3)-β-d-Galp-(1→4)-d-Glc, β-d-Galp-(1→3)-β-d-Galp-(1→3)-β-dGalp-(1→3)-β-d-Galp-(1→3)-β-d-Galp-(1→4)-d-Glc, and β-d-Galp-(1→3)-β-d-Galp-(1→3)-β-d-Galp-(1→3)-β-d-Galp-(1→3)-β-d-Galp-(1→3) β-d-Galp-(1→4)-d-Glc.

  NCBI PubMed ID: 2119886
  Publication DOI: 10.1016/0008-6215(90)84228-M
  Journal NLM ID: 0043535
  Publisher: Elsevier
  Institutions: Laboratoire de Chimie Biologique, Unité Mixte du C.N.R.S. No. 111, Université des Sciences et Techniques de Lille Flandres-Artois, F 59655 Villeneuve d'Ascq France
  Methods: GLC-MS, FAB-MS, enzymatic hydrolysis
  
   
  
  Bifidobacterium bifidum
  CSDB ID 115936 (all data & tools)

Show legend Show as text

Structure type: oligomer
Contained glycoepitopes: IEDB_136044,IEDB_137472,IEDB_141794,IEDB_142487,IEDB_142488,IEDB_144998,IEDB_146664,IEDB_156494,IEDB_190606,IEDB_983931,SB_165,SB_166,SB_187,SB_192,SB_195,SB_6,SB_7,SB_88

• Article ID: 2167
  Dumortier V, Montreuil J, Bouquelet S "Primary structure of ten galactosides formed by transglycosylation during the lactose hydrolysis by Bifidobacterium bifidum" - Carbohydrate Research 201 (1990) 115-123
  

  Oligosaccharides formed by a transgalactosylation reaction during lactose hydrolysis with Bifidobacterium bifidum were separated into eight fractions by gel-permeation chromatography and their structures studies determined by trimethylsilylation analysis, methylation analysis, f.a.b.—m.s., g.l.c.—m.s. and enzymic hydrolysis as β-d-Galp-(1→3)-d-Glc, β-d-Galp-(1→6)-d-Glc, β-d-Galp-(1→6)-d-Glc, β-d-Galp-(1→3)-β-d-Galp-(1→4)-d-Glc, β-d-Galp-(1→6)[β-d-Galp-(1→4)]-d-Glc, β-d-Galp-(1→2)[β-d-Galp-(1→6)]-d-Glc, β-d-Galp-(1→3)-β-d-Galp-(1→3)-β-d-Galp-(1→4)-d-Glc, β-d-Galp-(1→3)-β-d-Galp-(1→3)-β-d-Galp-(1→3)-β-d-Galp-(1→4)-d-Glc, β-d-Galp-(1→3)-β-d-Galp-(1→3)-β-dGalp-(1→3)-β-d-Galp-(1→3)-β-d-Galp-(1→4)-d-Glc, and β-d-Galp-(1→3)-β-d-Galp-(1→3)-β-d-Galp-(1→3)-β-d-Galp-(1→3)-β-d-Galp-(1→3) β-d-Galp-(1→4)-d-Glc.

  NCBI PubMed ID: 2119886
  Publication DOI: 10.1016/0008-6215(90)84228-M
  Journal NLM ID: 0043535
  Publisher: Elsevier
  Institutions: Laboratoire de Chimie Biologique, Unité Mixte du C.N.R.S. No. 111, Université des Sciences et Techniques de Lille Flandres-Artois, F 59655 Villeneuve d'Ascq France
  Methods: GLC-MS, FAB-MS, enzymatic hydrolysis
  
   
  
  Bifidobacterium bifidum
  CSDB ID 115937 (all data & tools)

Show legend Show as text

Structure type: oligomer
Compound class: lipophosphoglycan, LPG
Contained glycoepitopes: IEDB_130701,IEDB_134623,IEDB_136044,IEDB_136100,IEDB_136101,IEDB_137472,IEDB_137485,IEDB_141794,IEDB_144983,IEDB_152206,IEDB_156494,IEDB_190606,IEDB_433717,IEDB_983930,SB_165,SB_166,SB_187,SB_195,SB_44,SB_67,SB_7,SB_72,SB_88

• Article ID: 2500
  Ng K, Handman E, Bacic A "Biosynthesis of lipophosphoglycan from Leishmania major: characterization of (β1-3)-galactosyltransferase(s)" - Glycobiology 4(6) (1994) 845-853
  

  Lipophosphoglycan (LPG) is the major cell surface molecule of promastigotes of all Leishmania species. It is comprised of three domains: a conserved GPI anchor linked to a repeating phosphorylated disaccharide (P2; PO4-6-Gal(β 1-4)Man(α 1-) backbone variously substituted with galactose, glucose and arabinose residues in L.major and capped with a neutral oligosaccharide. Using a microsomal membrane preparation from L.major, we have been able to demonstrate that galactose from UDP-[14C]galactose can be transferred to an endogenous acceptor, characterized as LPG. An in vitro assay was established, based on anion-exchange HPLC, that concurrently identifies and quantitates the products of the galactosyltransferases. We show that the products formed are [14C]galactose-labelled P3 (PO4-6-[Gal(β 1-3)]Gal(β 1-4)Man(α 1-), P4b (PO4-6-[Gal(β 1-3)Gal(β 1-3)]Gal(β 1-4)Man(α 1-) and P5b(PO4-6-[Gal(β 1-3)Gal(β 1-3)Gal(β 1-3)]Gal(β 1- 4)Man(α 1-). These are major galactosylated repeating units of the backbone of L.major LPG. The same products are also formed when LPG from L.donovani, which contains an unbranched backbone of P2 repeats, is used as an exogenous acceptor with L.major microsomal membranes and UDP-[14C]galactose. In addition, no formation of radioactive backbone repeats (P2) was detected in membrane incubations containing UDP-[14C]galactose with or without added unlabelled GDP-mannose, indicating that the addition of the (β 1-3)-linked galactose branches is independent of the synthesis of the repeating disaccharide (P2) backbone. Preliminary kinetic analyses suggest that the addition of multiple (β 1-3)-linked galactose residues may be catalysed by more than one (β 1-3) galactosyltransferase. The (β 1-3)galactosyltransferase(s) activity was not detected in microsomal membrane preparations from promastigotes of L.donovani.

  biosynthesis, glycosyltransferases, Galactosyltransferases, leishmania, lipophosphoglycan

  NCBI PubMed ID: 7734847
  Publication DOI: 10.1093/glycob/4.6.845
  Journal NLM ID: 9104124
  Publisher: IRL Press at Oxford University Press
  Institutions: Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Victoria, Australia, Plant Cell Biology Research Centre, School of Botany, University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
  
   
  
  Leishmania major
  CSDB ID 127301 (all data & tools)

Show legend Show as text

Structure type: oligomer
Compound class: lipophosphoglycan, LPG
Contained glycoepitopes: IEDB_130701,IEDB_134623,IEDB_136044,IEDB_136100,IEDB_136101,IEDB_137472,IEDB_137485,IEDB_141794,IEDB_144983,IEDB_152206,IEDB_156494,IEDB_190606,IEDB_433717,IEDB_581506,IEDB_983930,SB_165,SB_166,SB_187,SB_195,SB_44,SB_67,SB_7,SB_72,SB_88

• Article ID: 2500
  Ng K, Handman E, Bacic A "Biosynthesis of lipophosphoglycan from Leishmania major: characterization of (β1-3)-galactosyltransferase(s)" - Glycobiology 4(6) (1994) 845-853
  

  Lipophosphoglycan (LPG) is the major cell surface molecule of promastigotes of all Leishmania species. It is comprised of three domains: a conserved GPI anchor linked to a repeating phosphorylated disaccharide (P2; PO4-6-Gal(β 1-4)Man(α 1-) backbone variously substituted with galactose, glucose and arabinose residues in L.major and capped with a neutral oligosaccharide. Using a microsomal membrane preparation from L.major, we have been able to demonstrate that galactose from UDP-[14C]galactose can be transferred to an endogenous acceptor, characterized as LPG. An in vitro assay was established, based on anion-exchange HPLC, that concurrently identifies and quantitates the products of the galactosyltransferases. We show that the products formed are [14C]galactose-labelled P3 (PO4-6-[Gal(β 1-3)]Gal(β 1-4)Man(α 1-), P4b (PO4-6-[Gal(β 1-3)Gal(β 1-3)]Gal(β 1-4)Man(α 1-) and P5b(PO4-6-[Gal(β 1-3)Gal(β 1-3)Gal(β 1-3)]Gal(β 1- 4)Man(α 1-). These are major galactosylated repeating units of the backbone of L.major LPG. The same products are also formed when LPG from L.donovani, which contains an unbranched backbone of P2 repeats, is used as an exogenous acceptor with L.major microsomal membranes and UDP-[14C]galactose. In addition, no formation of radioactive backbone repeats (P2) was detected in membrane incubations containing UDP-[14C]galactose with or without added unlabelled GDP-mannose, indicating that the addition of the (β 1-3)-linked galactose branches is independent of the synthesis of the repeating disaccharide (P2) backbone. Preliminary kinetic analyses suggest that the addition of multiple (β 1-3)-linked galactose residues may be catalysed by more than one (β 1-3) galactosyltransferase. The (β 1-3)galactosyltransferase(s) activity was not detected in microsomal membrane preparations from promastigotes of L.donovani.

  biosynthesis, glycosyltransferases, Galactosyltransferases, leishmania, lipophosphoglycan

  NCBI PubMed ID: 7734847
  Publication DOI: 10.1093/glycob/4.6.845
  Journal NLM ID: 9104124
  Publisher: IRL Press at Oxford University Press
  Institutions: Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Victoria, Australia, Plant Cell Biology Research Centre, School of Botany, University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
  
   
  
  Leishmania major
  CSDB ID 127302 (all data & tools)

Show legend Show as text

Structure type: oligomer
Compound class: lipophosphoglycan, LPG
Contained glycoepitopes: IEDB_130701,IEDB_134623,IEDB_136044,IEDB_136100,IEDB_136101,IEDB_136103,IEDB_137472,IEDB_137485,IEDB_141794,IEDB_144983,IEDB_152206,IEDB_156494,IEDB_190606,IEDB_433717,IEDB_983930,SB_165,SB_166,SB_187,SB_195,SB_44,SB_67,SB_7,SB_72,SB_88

• Article ID: 2500
  Ng K, Handman E, Bacic A "Biosynthesis of lipophosphoglycan from Leishmania major: characterization of (β1-3)-galactosyltransferase(s)" - Glycobiology 4(6) (1994) 845-853
  

  Lipophosphoglycan (LPG) is the major cell surface molecule of promastigotes of all Leishmania species. It is comprised of three domains: a conserved GPI anchor linked to a repeating phosphorylated disaccharide (P2; PO4-6-Gal(β 1-4)Man(α 1-) backbone variously substituted with galactose, glucose and arabinose residues in L.major and capped with a neutral oligosaccharide. Using a microsomal membrane preparation from L.major, we have been able to demonstrate that galactose from UDP-[14C]galactose can be transferred to an endogenous acceptor, characterized as LPG. An in vitro assay was established, based on anion-exchange HPLC, that concurrently identifies and quantitates the products of the galactosyltransferases. We show that the products formed are [14C]galactose-labelled P3 (PO4-6-[Gal(β 1-3)]Gal(β 1-4)Man(α 1-), P4b (PO4-6-[Gal(β 1-3)Gal(β 1-3)]Gal(β 1-4)Man(α 1-) and P5b(PO4-6-[Gal(β 1-3)Gal(β 1-3)Gal(β 1-3)]Gal(β 1- 4)Man(α 1-). These are major galactosylated repeating units of the backbone of L.major LPG. The same products are also formed when LPG from L.donovani, which contains an unbranched backbone of P2 repeats, is used as an exogenous acceptor with L.major microsomal membranes and UDP-[14C]galactose. In addition, no formation of radioactive backbone repeats (P2) was detected in membrane incubations containing UDP-[14C]galactose with or without added unlabelled GDP-mannose, indicating that the addition of the (β 1-3)-linked galactose branches is independent of the synthesis of the repeating disaccharide (P2) backbone. Preliminary kinetic analyses suggest that the addition of multiple (β 1-3)-linked galactose residues may be catalysed by more than one (β 1-3) galactosyltransferase. The (β 1-3)galactosyltransferase(s) activity was not detected in microsomal membrane preparations from promastigotes of L.donovani.

  biosynthesis, glycosyltransferases, Galactosyltransferases, leishmania, lipophosphoglycan

  NCBI PubMed ID: 7734847
  Publication DOI: 10.1093/glycob/4.6.845
  Journal NLM ID: 9104124
  Publisher: IRL Press at Oxford University Press
  Institutions: Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Victoria, Australia, Plant Cell Biology Research Centre, School of Botany, University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
  
   
  
  Leishmania major
  CSDB ID 127303 (all data & tools)

Show legend Show as text

Structure type: oligomer
Compound class: lipophosphoglycan
Contained glycoepitopes: IEDB_130701,IEDB_134623,IEDB_136044,IEDB_136100,IEDB_136101,IEDB_136103,IEDB_137472,IEDB_141794,IEDB_144983,IEDB_152206,IEDB_156494,IEDB_190606,IEDB_433717,IEDB_581506,IEDB_983930,SB_165,SB_166,SB_187,SB_195,SB_44,SB_67,SB_7,SB_72,SB_88

• Article ID: 2652
  McConville MJ, Thomas-Oates JE, Ferguson MAJ, Homans SW "Structure of the lipophosphoglycan from Leishmania major" - Journal of Biological Chemistry 265 (1990) 19611-19623
  

  The major cell surface glycoconjugate of the parasitic protozoan Leishmania major is a heterogeneous lipophosphoglycan. It has a tripartite structure, consisting of a phosphoglycan (Mr 5,000-40,000), a variably phosphorylated hexasaccharide glycan core, and a lysoalkylphosphatidylinositol (lysoalkyl-PI) lipid anchor. The structures of the phosphoglycan and the hexasaccharide core were determined by monosaccharide analysis, methylation analysis, fast atom bombardment-mass spectrometry, one- and two-dimensional 500-MHz (correlated spectroscopy (COSY), homonuclear Hartmann-Hahn spectroscopy (HOHAHA] 1H NMR spectroscopy, and exoglycosidase digestions. The phosphoglycan consists of eight types of phosphorylated oligosaccharide repeats which have the general structure, [formula: see text] where R = H, Galp(β1-3), Galp(β1-3)Galp(β1-3), Arap(α1-2)Galp(β1-3), Glcp(β1-3)Galp(β1-3), Galp(β1-3)Galp(β1-3)Galp(β1-3), Arap(α1-2)Galp(β1-3)Galp(β1-3), or Arap(α1-2)Galp(β1-3)Galp(β1-3)Galp(β1-3)Galp(β1-3), and where all the monosaccharides, including arabinose, are in the D-configuration. The average number of repeat units/molecule (n) is 27. Data are presented which suggest that the nonreducing terminus of the phosphoglycan is capped exclusively with the neutral disaccharide Manp(α1-2)Manp α1-. The structure of the glycan core was determined to be, [formula: see text] where approximately 60% of the mannose residues distal to the glucosamine are phosphorylated and where the inositol is part of the lysoalkyl-PI lipid moiety containing predominantly 24:0 and 26:0 alkyl chains. The unusual galactofuranose residue is in the β-configuration, correcting a previous report where this residue was identified as α-Galf. Although most of the phosphorylated repeat units are attached to the terminal galactose 6-phosphate of the core to form a linear lipophosphoglycan (LPG) molecule, some of the mannose 6-phosphate residues may also be substituted to form a Y-shaped molecule. The L. major LPG is more complex than the previously characterized LPG from Leishmania donovani, although both LPGs have the same repeating backbone structure and glycolipid anchor. Finally we show that the LPG anchor is structurally related to the major glycolipid species of L. major, indicating that some of these glycolipids may have a function as precursors to LPG.

  NCBI PubMed ID: 2246247
  Journal NLM ID: 2985121R
  Publisher: Baltimore, MD: American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology
  Institutions: Department of Biochemistry, The University, Dundee, United Kingdom
  
   
  
  Leishmania major
  CSDB ID 135967 (all data & tools)

Show legend Show as text

Structure type: oligomer
Compound class: lipophosphoglycan
Contained glycoepitopes: IEDB_130701,IEDB_134623,IEDB_136044,IEDB_136100,IEDB_136101,IEDB_137472,IEDB_141794,IEDB_144983,IEDB_152206,IEDB_156494,IEDB_190606,IEDB_433717,IEDB_983930,SB_165,SB_166,SB_187,SB_195,SB_44,SB_67,SB_7,SB_72,SB_88

• Article ID: 2652
  McConville MJ, Thomas-Oates JE, Ferguson MAJ, Homans SW "Structure of the lipophosphoglycan from Leishmania major" - Journal of Biological Chemistry 265 (1990) 19611-19623
  

  The major cell surface glycoconjugate of the parasitic protozoan Leishmania major is a heterogeneous lipophosphoglycan. It has a tripartite structure, consisting of a phosphoglycan (Mr 5,000-40,000), a variably phosphorylated hexasaccharide glycan core, and a lysoalkylphosphatidylinositol (lysoalkyl-PI) lipid anchor. The structures of the phosphoglycan and the hexasaccharide core were determined by monosaccharide analysis, methylation analysis, fast atom bombardment-mass spectrometry, one- and two-dimensional 500-MHz (correlated spectroscopy (COSY), homonuclear Hartmann-Hahn spectroscopy (HOHAHA] 1H NMR spectroscopy, and exoglycosidase digestions. The phosphoglycan consists of eight types of phosphorylated oligosaccharide repeats which have the general structure, [formula: see text] where R = H, Galp(β1-3), Galp(β1-3)Galp(β1-3), Arap(α1-2)Galp(β1-3), Glcp(β1-3)Galp(β1-3), Galp(β1-3)Galp(β1-3)Galp(β1-3), Arap(α1-2)Galp(β1-3)Galp(β1-3), or Arap(α1-2)Galp(β1-3)Galp(β1-3)Galp(β1-3)Galp(β1-3), and where all the monosaccharides, including arabinose, are in the D-configuration. The average number of repeat units/molecule (n) is 27. Data are presented which suggest that the nonreducing terminus of the phosphoglycan is capped exclusively with the neutral disaccharide Manp(α1-2)Manp α1-. The structure of the glycan core was determined to be, [formula: see text] where approximately 60% of the mannose residues distal to the glucosamine are phosphorylated and where the inositol is part of the lysoalkyl-PI lipid moiety containing predominantly 24:0 and 26:0 alkyl chains. The unusual galactofuranose residue is in the β-configuration, correcting a previous report where this residue was identified as α-Galf. Although most of the phosphorylated repeat units are attached to the terminal galactose 6-phosphate of the core to form a linear lipophosphoglycan (LPG) molecule, some of the mannose 6-phosphate residues may also be substituted to form a Y-shaped molecule. The L. major LPG is more complex than the previously characterized LPG from Leishmania donovani, although both LPGs have the same repeating backbone structure and glycolipid anchor. Finally we show that the LPG anchor is structurally related to the major glycolipid species of L. major, indicating that some of these glycolipids may have a function as precursors to LPG.

  NCBI PubMed ID: 2246247
  Journal NLM ID: 2985121R
  Publisher: Baltimore, MD: American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology
  Institutions: Department of Biochemistry, The University, Dundee, United Kingdom
  
   
  
  Leishmania major
  CSDB ID 135969 (all data & tools)